The Complete Guide To HSK Levels: From HSK1 To HSK6 (Plus 2025 Updates)
“My Chinese is at HSK3 level”, “I want to reach HSK5 in Chinese”. You may often hear people in the Chinese-learning community throw around
HSK Test in 2025: The Complete, Ultimate Guide
If you are learning Chinese or are interested in taking a Chinese course, you might be aware of a Chinese language test called the HSK, which you can take in over 150 countries across the globe. But what exactly is the HSK test? How does it work? What is it used for? And what do you need to know to take the HSK test?
Have no fear if you are confused. In this one-stop guide, we’ll walk you through what the HSK test is, its levels, formats, structure, and whether or not you need to take it. You’ll find all the details about the HSK – test dates, fees, testing centers, study tips, resources, and everything you need to know to register and prepare for the HSK test.
Sound good? Let’s dive in!
What Is the HSK Test?
HSK stands for Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (汉语水平考试), which translates to “Chinese Proficiency Test.” It is the world’s most recognized test for Mandarin Chinese proficiency.
The HSK is organized by CLEC (formerly known as Hanban), an entity affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China that operates Confucius Institutes worldwide.
The HSK primarily tests learners’ listening, reading, and writing skills in Chinese but does not include a speaking section; it is entirely a written exam.
Who Can Take the HSK Test?
The HSK is designed for non-native Chinese speakers, including foreigners and Chinese ethnic minorities, as a means of certifying their knowledge of Mandarin Chinese.
Typically, individuals who take the HSK aim to attend university or graduate school in China. However, anyone who wants to evaluate their Chinese level or demonstrate their mastery of the language can take the test. (Read the benefits of taking the HSK)
Test-takers that pass the HSK test will receive an HSK certificate corresponding to their proficiency level.
HSK Test Levels
The HSK is not just one single test. It comprises six independent tests at varying levels: HSK 1, HSK 2, HSK 3, HSK 4, HSK 5, and HSK 6. HSK 1 is the entry-level exam, while HSK 6 is the highest proficiency level.
In the HSK system, HSK 1 and HSK 2 correspond to very basic Chinese skills. HSK 3 and HSK 4 introduce more sophisticated knowledge of Chinese. HSK 5 and HSK 6 serve as indicators of high proficiency and fluency in Chinese.
(A single advanced HSK test for levels 7-9 was scheduled to be added to the current HSK system and is still in the development stages, though beta versions have been made available for testing since 2022. Meanwhile, there have been no changes to the existing HSK tests for levels 1-6. Read more about the new HSK.)
Since language proficiency is something highly subjective, CLEC provides brief descriptors for each of the six HSK levels, explaining what you can do at each one.
- HSK 1 – can use simple Chinese words and phrases.
- HSK 2 – can communicate simply and directly on familiar topics.
- HSK 3 – can manage basic communication in daily life, study, work, and travel in China.
- HSK 4 – can discuss a relatively broad range of topics and communicate fluently with native speakers.
- HSK 5 – can read Chinese newspapers and magazines, watch films and TV shows, and give full speeches.
- HSK 6 – can easily understand what they read and hear, and express themselves smoothly both in writing and orally.
Requirements per Level
| Level | Characters | Vocabulary |
|---|---|---|
| HSK 1 | 150* | 150 |
| HSK 2 | 300* | 300 |
| HSK 3 | 600 | 600 |
| HSK 4 | 1,000 | 1,200 |
| HSK 5 | 1,500 | 2,500 |
| HSK 6 | 2,500 | 5,000 |
How Do I Know My HSK Level?
Contrary to popular belief, HSK levels do not directly correspond to CEFR levels (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), which is the most widely recognized language proficiency scale in the world.
With the constant undeserved praise from local speakers combined and grade inflation from CLEC, it’s easy for foreign learners to overestimate their Chinese skills and fail the test.
To help you work out your current HSK level more accurately, use the self-assessment tool we shared on this page to gauge where you’re at in your Chinese study.
If you prefer a more formal evaluation, you can take a free HSK sample test. We’ve created 70+ free, full-length HSK sample tests (for all levels) on our website, using real questions from past HSK exams. (You can try them out online here or download and print the test papers.)
Read More »
HSK Test Formats
If you need physical proof that says you actually have reached a certain level in Chinese, then you must take the formal HSK test.
You can take the HSK test either on paper or over a computer. The two formats (paper-based and internet-based) are identical in difficulty level, content, and scoring criteria. When you register for the test, you you will need to choose between the two options.
Paper-Based HSK Test
You will be required to sit at a desk with question papers and answer sheets for the listening, reading, and writing sections (levels 3-6 only) at an official HSK test center. You will need to write your answers with either a 2B pencil or a pen.
Internet-Based HSK Test
You will sit the test in front of a computer connected to CTI servers with the questions presented on the screen at an official HSK test center. You will need to submit your answers through the use of a keyboard and a mouse.
HSK Test Structure, Content & Time
The HSK test lasts between 35 and 130 minutes, depending on the level.
HSK 1 and HSK 2 are designed for basic learners, therefore, are quite short. The tests consist of only two sections: listening and reading. Each section is broken down into a number of questions that are presented in both Pinyin and characters, and there is no writing section.
Each section is scored out of 100. The scores of the two sections are then added together for a final, total score of 200 points. To pass, you must score at least 120 points.
For HSK levels 3, 4, 5, and 6, questions are presented solely in Chinese characters. These tests consist of three sections: listening, reading, and writing. The total possible score is 300 points (100 for each section), and you must score at least 180 points to pass.
Here’s a summary table for the HSK test structure, content, and timing.
| Level | Test Structure | Test Time | Test Scoring | ||||||
| Listening | Reading | Writing | Full Grade | Pass Grade | |||||
| Questions | Time | Questions | Time | Items | Time | ||||
| HSK 1 | 20 | 18mins | 20 | 17mins | Not Tested | / | 35mins | 200 | 120 |
| HSK 2 | 35 | 28mins | 25 | 22mins | Not Tested | / | 50mins | 200 | 120 |
| HSK 3 | 40 | 40mins | 30 | 30mins | 10 | 15mins | 85mins | 300 | 180 |
| HSK 4 | 45 | 35mins | 40 | 40mins | 15 | 25mins | 100mins | 300 | 180 |
| HSK 5 | 45 | 35mins | 45 | 45mins | 10 | 40mins | 120mins | 300 | 180 |
| HSK 6 | 50 | 40mins | 50 | 50mins | 1 | 45mins | 135mins | 300 | 180 |
HSK Certificate & Score Validity
At each HSK level, you either pass or fail. To obtain an HSK certificate, you just need to reach the passing grade – that’s all that matters.
The HSK certificate has permanent validity, similar to a diploma. Once you receive it, it becomes your property and is valid forever. However, if you plan to use your HSK scores to apply to colleges or universities in China, your HSK scores will only be valid for two years from the date you take the test.
HSK Test Dates for 2025
The HSK test will be organized 11 times throughout 2025 globally, offering plenty of dates to choose from. All tests are administered on Saturdays or Sundays without exception. HSK Levels 1, 3, and 5 typically start at 1:30 pm, while HSK Levels 2, 4, and 6 usually begin at 9:00 am.
Below are the HSK test dates for 2025, which are consistent worldwide.
Paper-based HSK
| Test Date | Registration Deadline | Score Release |
|---|---|---|
| Jan 12 (Sun) | Dec 16, 2024 | Feb 19 |
| Mar 09 (Sun) | Feb 10 | Apr 09 |
| Apr 12 (Sat) | Mar 16 | May 19 |
| May 17 (Sat) | Apr 20 | Jun 17 |
| Jun 22 (Sun) | May 26 | July 22 |
| Jul 19 (Sat) | Jun 22 | Aug 19 |
| Aug 17 (Sun) | Jul 21 | Sep 17 |
| Sep 07 (Sun) | Aug 11 | Oct 14 |
| Oct 18 (Sat) | Sep 21 | Nov 18 |
| Nov 15 (Sat) | Oct 19 | Dec 15 |
| Dec 07 (Sun) | Nov 10 | Jan 07, 2026 |
Internet-based HSK
| Test Date | Registration Deadline | Score Release |
|---|---|---|
| Jan 12 (Sun) | Jan 02 | Jan 27 |
| Mar 09 (Sun) | Feb 27 | Mar 24 |
| Apr 12 (Sat) | Apr 02 | Apr 28 |
| May 17 (Sat) | May 07 | Jun 03 |
| Jun 22 (Sun) | Jun 12 | July 07 |
| Jul 19 (Sat) | Jul 09 | Aug 04 |
| Aug 17 (Sun) | Aug 07 | Sep 01 |
| Sep 07 (Sun) | Aug 28 | Sep 22 |
| Oct 18 (Sat) | Oct 08 | Nov 03 |
| Nov 15 (Sat) | Nov 05 | Dec 01 |
| Dec 07 (Sun) | Nov 27 | Dec 22 |
HSK Test Fees for 2025
The cost of the HSK test varies by level and by country. Typically, fees range from $20 to $100 USD.
Below are the prices for taking the HSK in China in 2025. (The prices are the same for both paper-based and internet-based HSK tests.)
| Test Level | Price in CNY |
|---|---|
| HSK 1 | 150 |
| HSK 2 | 250 |
| HSK 3 | 350 |
| HSK 4 | 450 |
| HSK 5 | 550 |
| HSK 6 | 650 |
Where Can I take the HSK Test?
To take either the paper-based or internet-based HSK test, you must go to an official HSK testing center. Though the name “internet-based” might imply otherwise, you cannot take the HSK test on your own computer at home.
As of 2025, there are over 300 authorized HSK testing centers in China and nearly 1,000 located outside of China, giving you numerous options. You can focus on selecting the testing center most conveniently located to where you live.
Keep in mind that not all testing centers administer HSK tests on every test date throughout the year. How often a center administers the HSK test depends on their funding and on how popular the test is in that region.
So, always double-check with the testing center in your area to see your available options before registering.
How to Sign Up for the HSK Test
Signing up for the HSK test is a straightforward process.
The easiest way to register is through your HSK account on the test website. It allows you to register 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. You’ll be able to choose the test level, date, testing center, and register for a test that fits your schedule.
Follow our step-to-step tutorial linked here to complete your HSK registration online. We’ve included screenshots to make the process easier to follow.
Top Tips to Pass HSK
The HSK is generally considered easier than other official language tests, such as the TOEFL or IELTS for English learners, and the DELE for Spanish learners. Even the highest level, HSK 6, is not terrifyingly difficult. With the right plan and strategies, you stand a good chance of passing the test on your first attempt.
Here are our top preparation tips to help you feel ready and confident on the HSK test day!
#1. Practice HSK Characters
Knock out the characters at an early age!
It’s a good idea to practice writing Chinese by hand. While you won’t need to physically write down Chinese characters in the writing section if you go for the internet-based HSK test, you must recognize and apply the correct character. Regular practice in handwriting Chinese will help you memorize characters and vocabulary better, and you’ll become more comfortable with reading and writing spontaneously.
#2. Memorize HSK Vocabulary
Vocabulary is crucial for any language test and arguably the most important area to focus on.
Depending on the test level, you need to master between 150 and 5,000 words to pass the HSK. Luckily for you, we’ve compiled a complete HSK vocabulary list for each level according to the guidelines provided by CLEC, the HSK organizer, complete with Chinese characters, Pinyin, and explanations.
Just note that these HSK vocabulary lists are crafted specifically for passing the HSK tests and may not represent the most commonly used Chinese words that you’ll hear or read in daily life. These vocabulary words could pop up anywhere on an HSK test, so you have to memorize them.
#3. Study HSK Grammar
Struggling with Grammar?
Grammar is the glue that holds the pieces of language together. The HSK tests will extensively quiz your knowledge of Chinese grammar.
Still struggling with Chinese grammar? No worries! ImproveMandarin Grammar Channel is by far the best resource for studying HSK Grammar. It’s a free reference portal you can go to for quick recaps and overviews of the Chinese grammatical patterns and structures required for the HSK tests.
#4. Take Full-Length Practice Tests
To get a better idea of how much you’ll need to study for the HSK test, it’ll be smart to take some practice tests. That way, you can see where your current areas of strength and weakness are and see how the test works before the official exam.
Make sure you take the practice tests in full length. This allows you to get used to the HSK test time and steadily build up stamina for test day.
We’ve created quite a few helpful HSK practice tests with authentic listening, reading, and writing questions from past HSK exams complete with answer keys. Access them for free here.
#5. Make an HSK Study Plan
Learning and retaining Chinese happens over time, and you can’t really cram for it or just study for one or two hours a week.
Look at your daily and weekly schedules and see how many hours a week you can spend studying for the HSK. Even if your test date isn’t for months, you’ll still want to set aside at least 3-5 hours each week for studying Chinese – and we highly recommend that you do, because it will help you immensely down the road.
Studying Chinese doesn’t always have to mean textbooks and grammar drills. Try incorporating Chinese into your daily routine bit by bit:
- Watch movies, TV shows, and YouTube videos in Chinese
- Read Chinese news, magazines, novels, even comic books
- Practice speaking Chinese with native speakers
#6. Learn from Former Test-Takers
HSK
Passing HSK Level 6 Exam – Success Story
If you are reading this article, chances are you are thinking about taking the HSK Level 6 exam to prove your proficiency in the Chinese
HSK
Taking HSK 6 Test – Real Experience and Tips
HSK is the official Chinese language test organized by CLEC (formerly known as Hanban), a part of the Chinese Education Ministry. The test
One of the best ways to ensure a smooth experience with your HSK test is to learn from those who have already passed it.
Many test-takers share their experiences in online forums and discussion groups. For some, the test was easy and presented no surprises, while for others, it was challenging and more stressful than they thought it’d be.
What is it really like to take the HSK test? And what does it take to pass?
To provide insight into these questions, we invited several students who have successfully completed the HSK tests to share their tips and strategies. No doubt, you’ll benefit from their knowledge of the test format, and their experiences, which can help you achieve a higher score on your test!
Top HSK Resources
Whether you’re just starting to learn Chinese or you’re gearing up for HSK 6, the sheer number of HSK resources out there can be a bit much.
But we’ll keep things simple for you. Our list is short. We only mention the top HSK resources – those we have tested and recommend to our readers.
Let’s have a look at these resources for getting started on your HSK study and preparation.
HSK Books
While you can’t learn everything from a book, they definitely help you prepare. HSK textbooks can give you the structure to work your way through the Chinese language and make sure that you have learned all the required characters and understand all the grammar points.
The CLEC-endorsed textbook series HSK Standard Course is used in many Confucius Institutes and Mandarin schools around the world. The entire series comprises six levels matching the HSK test, with one volume each for Level 1-3 and two volumes each for Level 4-6. They’ll take you through all the grammar, sentence structures and provide you with all the necessary vocabulary that you need for the HSK tests. You can also invest in the accompanying workbooks to do the exercises and check your progress.
Online HSK Courses
Let’s be real – just reading a textbook isn’t going to cut it. One of the best ways to study for the HSK is by taking an online course created by native Chinese speakers.
Here are our top picks:
ChineseFor.Us has made a brilliant online HSK course. The content is explained well, in a simple manner, and with a lot of depth. They currently don’t have courses for intermediate or advanced levels, but their beginner content (HSK Level 1-3) is fantastic.
The online HSK course created by Chinese Zero to Hero covers Levels 1-6 of the HSK Standard Course textbooks. It’s a great option for those looking to add structure to their independent study routine or prepping for the test.
HSK Classes & Tutoring
If studying on your own feels tough, why not take some HSK classes with a professional teacher, either in person or online?
Here are some great options:
MandarinRocks is one of the oldest and most reputable Mandarin schools in China. Their award-winning HSK course has a killer 95% pass rate for students who complete it. You can take classes in Shanghai, Beijing, or even online.
The renowned LTL School has several campuses in China and Singapore. Their HSK classes are taught by experienced teachers who know exactly the tools you need to pass your HSK test. You can also take the lessons online.
ShanghaiTutors is known for high-quality tutoring. They have some reasonably priced tutors who are great at HSK prep and can offer a personalized approach. You can arrange HSK tutoring either on-site in major cities or online.
More Great HSK Resources
Want even more? Don’t miss out on our full list!
We’ve pulled together our personal experience and a ton of research to create these detailed guides for you – totally free!
You’ll find resources for every HSK level of your Chinese learning journey, from beginner to advanced. And more importantly, you’ll learn how to make all these resources work for you and your HSK goals. Happy studying!
Frequently Asked Questions
The HSK certificate never expires and will always be an excellent testament to your Chinese proficiency. Even if you’re currently undecided about your academic or career plans, getting the certificate can keep your options open for the future. Besides, the certificate can be helpful if you plan on applying for a work permit in China.
If you’re just learning Chinese for fun, then the HSK levels can be a handy way to gauge your progress. But remember, you don’t absolutely need the HSK unless you want to track your proficiency officially.
Sitting an exam requires lots of study. In preparation for an HSK test, you have to set aside time to study specific materials which might not fit your personal goals. If your reasons for learning Chinese don’t really match up with what the HSK tests cover, or if you don’t need a formal qualification, then feel free to skip it!
HSK levels do not entirely correspond with CEFR levels. While Hanban claims that HSK levels align one-to-one with CEFR levels (e.g., HSK Level 6 = CEFR C2 proficiency), this assertion is considered an overestimate and has been rejected by CEFR. Below is a more accurate HSK-CEFR conversion chart based on our research:
HSK 1=A1- (newbie)
HSK 2=A1+ (basic)
HSK 3=A2 (elementary)
HSK 4=B1 (intermediate)
HSK 5=B2 (upper-intermediate)
HSK 6=C1- (advanced)
Check out our full report on HSK levels for more details!
Anyone who’s not a native Chinese speaker can jump in and take the HSK test, and there’s no age limit. However, we suggest that students at least be in 7th grade (around 14 years old) before tackling HSK 5 and HSK 6. These levels can be pretty tricky, with some complex readings and sophisticated vocabulary that younger learners typically haven’t encountered yet. If you’re younger, you might want to look into the YCT (Youth Chinese Test) instead.
If you’re taking the HSK test to attend a university in China, make sure you know the exact HSK level requirements for each school you are applying to. Most universities require applicants to pass HSK 5 for degree programs, although some may have slightly different requirements or may waive the HSK requirement based on other criteria.
For job hunting, it’s often best to focus on the higher levels – aim for HSK 4-6 and skip the low-level tests (1-3). Generally, going for a Level 5 or 6 certificate is a smart move if you want it to be valuable.
If you just want to see how you’re doing with your Chinese and are up for some testing fun, feel free to take any level you like, as many times as you want!
Just a quick note: it’s easy to overestimate your abilities and fail the test, especially when you’re aiming high. And if you fail, you don’t get any certificate. Consider taking a free practice test first to help you understand your current level and save some money!
No, you do not need to pass a lower-level HSK test before attempting a higher-level test. It’s not necessary to take the HSK tests in sequential order; you can register for any level that you prefer.
The two HSK formats are exactly the same in difficulty level, test content, and scoring criteria. The only real difference is that the internet-based version has you working on a computer, where you’ll type your answers with a keyboard and mouse.
If you can, we usually suggest going with the internet-based option, especially for the higher-level tests. It’s a lot easier since you don’t have to write out each character by hand in the writing section, which can be tough for many learners. But the paper test has its advantages too, like being able to take notes and skip around if you need to (check out the full comparison for more info). If you’re more comfortable with a pen and paper, then go for it!
Hanban, the test organizer, only offers HSK tests in simplified Chinese, but you are allowed to answer in traditional Chinese in the writing section of the test.
You can check your HSK score on the HSK website about two weeks after taking the test (or one month if you did the paper-based version). Just enter your test registration number from your admission ticket to see your score.
Your physical score report and certificate (if you pass) will be sent to your test center about 1-2 months after the test date. They’ll notify you by email or phone when it’s time to pick it up. Just a heads up: they’ll keep it at the test center for up to two years after the test.
The HSK certificate has permanent validity. It’s like a diploma. Once you receive it, it becomes your property and is valid forever.
The HSK scores in the accompanying test report, however, do have an expiration date of sorts. If you wish to use your HSK scores to apply to a college or university in China, your HSK scores are valid for two years only from the date you take the test.
Yes. You can take the HSK test at any level as many times as you want until you’re happy with your score. There’s no waiting period, but just keep in mind that you’ll need to pay the test fee each time you sign up for a retake.
HSK Preparation Guide by Level
HSK 3 Test Preparation: The Definitive, Must-Read Guide for 2025
HSK 4 Test Preparation: The Complete, Definitive Guide for 2025
HSK 5 Test Preparation: The Complete, Must-Read Guide for 2025
HSK 6 Test Preparation: The Complete, Ultimate Guide for 2025
HSK Level 1: Your Complete Guide for 2025
